Generic

Risperidone

Indications

Risperidone tablets are prescribed to treat :

• acute and chronic psychoses.
• Mania 
• Schizophrenia.

Pharmacology

Risperidone is a monoaminergic antagonist with a high affinity for the 5-HT2 and D2 serotoninergic and dopaminergic receptors. Risperidone binds to alpha1 adrenergic receptors, as well as H1 histamine and alpha2 adrenergic receptors, although with a lesser affinity. Risperidone does not bind to any of the eight cholinergic receptors. As a strong D2 antagonist, risperidone improves positive symptoms of schizophrenia while causing reduced motor activity depression. The therapeutic efficacy of balanced central serotonin and dopamine antagonism may be extended to the negative and affective symptoms of schizophrenia, reducing extrapyramidal side effects.

Dosage & Administration

Psychoses:

• 2 mg in 1-2 divided doses on 1^st day then 4 mg in 1-2 divided doses on second day (Slower titration appropriate in some patients);
• Usual dose range 4-6 mg daily; doses above 10 mg daily only if benefit considered to outweigh risk (max. 16 mg daily).
• Elderly (or in hepatic or renal impairment) initially 1 mg daily in two divided doses increased in steps of 1-2 mg twice daily.
• Child under 15 years not recommended.

Mania:

• Initially, 2 mg once daily increased if necessary in step of 1 mg daily; usual dose range 1-6 mg daily;
• Elderly (or in hepatic or renal impairment) initially 1 mg daily in two divided doses increased in steps of 1-2 mg twice daily.

Schizophrenia:

• Risperidone should be generally administered at 1 mg BID initially, with increases in increments of 1 mg BID on the second and third day, as tolerated, to a target dose of 3 mg BID by the third day.
• Further dosage adjustments, if indicated, should generally occur at intervals of not less than 1 week. When dosage adjustments are necessary, small dose increments/decrements of 1-2 mg are recommended.

Interaction

Risperidone It's possible that it'll counteract the effects of levodopa and dopamine agonists. Risperidone plasma clearance is reduced when it is used with Carbamazepine on a long-term basis. Risperidone clearance may be reduced if you use Clozapine for a long time. Certain antihypertensives may be enhanced by risperidone.

Contraindications

Risperidone is not recommended for people who have a history of hypersensitivity to the drug.

Side Effect

Insomnia, agitation, anxiety, headache, blurred vision, constipation, nausea and vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal discomfort, hyperprolactinaemia, urine incontinence, tachycardia, hypertension, edema, rash, rhinitis, cerebrovascular accident, neurtropenia, and thrombocytopenia have all been recorded.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Although Risperidone had no direct reproductive harm in experimental animals, it did have some indirect, prolactin- and CNS-mediated effects. Risperidone had no teratogenicity impact in any research. Risperidone's safety during human pregnancy has yet to be demonstrated. Risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone are excreted in milk in animal experiments. Risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone have both been found to be excreted in human breast milk. As a result, women on Risperidone should avoid breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings

If you have a history of cardiovascular illness, cease usage if you develop signs and symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, renal or hepatic impairment, elderly epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, or are pregnant.

Therapeutic Class

Atypical neuroleptic drugs